According to Bandura, how can a child learn?

Bandura's concept of social learning theory emphasizes that children can learn effectively through observation, a process known as modeling. This learning occurs when a child observes the behaviors of others, particularly role models such as parents, teachers, or peers, and then imitates those behaviors.

Observation allows children to acquire new skills and knowledge without requiring direct instruction or personal experience. For instance, when a child watches someone tie their shoes or interact socially, they can learn to replicate those actions themselves. Bandura highlighted that this type of learning not only involves imitation but is also influenced by factors such as the perceived rewards and consequences of the observed behaviors, further encouraging or discouraging the child from adopting those actions.

This approach contrasts with learning solely through direct instruction, personal experience, or memorization, which are more traditional or limited ways of understanding how learning occurs. Observational learning taps into social interactions and cognitive processes, providing a richer and more contextually grounded understanding of how children gain knowledge and skills.