In 2010, what survey replaced the decennial census long form?

The American Community Survey (ACS) is the correct answer because it was designed to replace the long form of the decennial census that was previously used to gather detailed demographic, social, economic, and housing data. The ACS provides annual estimates on a wide range of characteristics for communities across the United States, which allows for more frequent and updated data collection compared to the traditional ten-year intervals of the census.

By utilizing a rolling survey, the ACS can provide timely information that can be used by policymakers, researchers, and the public to understand community needs and demographics. This differs significantly from the decennial census, which is a complete count conducted every ten years and does not gather as detailed information on an annual basis.

The other options listed, such as the National Health Survey, Population Statistical Overview, and Census Employment Trends Survey, do not serve the same purpose or scope as the ACS and are not recognized as surveys that replace the census long form. The ACS is integral to capturing changes in community dynamics and enhancing the understanding of American communities over time.